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名人诗歌|诗歌中的爱与死亡之三

来源:www.niangyouba.com 2025-03-16

IFGODCHOOSE,ISHALLBUTLOVETHEEBETTERAFTERDEATH读来不只有震惊人心的力量,而且有一种超越死亡限制的升华感觉。这也是东西方文化之差异在文学作品中的一个表现。即西方文化中有宗教和超越现世的世界,因此可以说死后愈加爱你。另外,这首著名诗词对爱情的描写有很多独一无二。王佐良的评说:我自由地爱你,这就使情诗脱出了一般卿卿我我的格局,而结尾处反顾童年的激情,前瞻死亡之并不是终结,更使意境深远起来。(见《英国诗史》)其实,意境深远还是中式的评语,思辩的理性情感,才是此诗的特征。

据了解勃郎宁夫人在结婚以前的交往中写下这40多首爱情十四行诗,直到结婚以后才悄悄放入老公口袋,并说假如他不喜欢就烧掉它们。勃郎宁读后说,我决不敢私藏自莎士比亚以来不管什么语言中最好看的的十四行诗。因此,这类诗得以印行。

勃郎宁夫人的自谦自守,倒是非常类似中国传统女人的德行。

假如说《虽然我年轻无辩》和《在死后我爱你将愈加情深》还是借用死亡的生命终极含意来比喻爱情的深厚,那样罗赛蒂的《歌》,则是一种神秘主义情调的展示,而非常难说作者表达了什么:

克里斯蒂娜。罗赛蒂

在我去世了将来,亲爱的,

不要为我唱哀歌;

不要在我头上栽种玫瑰,

也不要栽种成荫的松柏;

但愿你成为雨露滋润的绿草,

铺盖着我墓地上的山坡。

如你想就怀念我,

如你想就忘记我!

我将看不见松柏玫瑰,

也感觉不到草地洒满了雨水;

我将听不到夜莺的啼唱,

彻夜诉说心中等苦悲。

我住在不生不灭的混沌世界,

没黑夜,也没日出的光辉。

或许我偶然想起哪个,

或许我偶然忘了哪个!

Song

Christina Rossetti

When I am dead, my dearest,

Sing no sad songs for me;

Plant thou no roses at my head,

Nor shady cypress1 tree:

Be the green grass above me

With showers and dewdrops wet;

And if thou wilt2, remember,

And if thouwilt, forget.

I shall not see the shadows,

I shall not feel the rain;

I shall not hear the nightingale

Sing on, as if in pain:

And dreaming through the twilight3

That doth not rise nor set,

Haply I may remember,

And haply may forget.

据了解,罗赛蒂这位英国拉裴尔前派诗人,常在梳妆台前写诗,追求精神世界的纯粹和自我克制。这首著名的诗歌,确实这样。诗人的思绪好像化作一个灵魂,象在对爱人述说,又象是自言自语。既不要哀歌,玫瑰,松柏成荫,又盼望绿草雨露。怀念与忘记,想起与遗忘,都好像可有可无。虽然此诗没前面两诗的精细思辩,但却用超越现世的神秘色彩表达了忧郁哀伤的情调。

这种超越现世的神秘,也极少见于中文诗歌。从墓地或可联想到苏轼著名的江城子:


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